This paper introduces the unnatural amino acids m-Abc2K and o-Abc2K as nanometer-sized building blocks for the creation of water-soluble macrocycles with well-defined shapes. m-Abc2K and o-Abc2K are homologues of the nanometer-sized amino acid Abc2K, which we recently introduced for the synthesis of water-soluble molecular rods of precise length. [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 7272]. Abc2K is linear (180°), m-Abc2K creates a 120° angle, and o-Abc2K creates a 60° angle. m-Abc2K and o-Abc2K are derivatives of 3’-amino-[1,1’-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid and 2’-amino-[1,1’-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid, with two propyloxyammonium side chains for water solubility.
Abstract
This paper introduces the unnatural amino acids m-Abc2K and o-Abc2K as nanometer-sized building blocks for the creation of water-soluble macrocycles with well-defined shapes. m-Abc2K and o-Abc2K are homologues of the nanometer-sized amino acid Abc2K, which we recently introduced for the synthesis of water-soluble molecular rods of precise length (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 7272). Abc2K is linear (180°), m-Abc2K creates a 120° angle, and o-Abc2K creates a 60° angle. m-Abc2K and o-Abc2K are derivatives of 3′-amino-(1,1′-biphenyl)-4-carboxylic acid and 2′-amino-(1,1′-biphenyl)-4-carboxylic acid, with two propyloxyammonium side chains for water solubility. m-Abc2K and o-Abc2K are prepared as Fmoc-protected derivatives Fmoc-m-Abc2K(Boc)-OH (1a) and Fmoc-o-Abc2K(Boc)-OH (1b). These derivatives can be used alone or in conjunction with Fmoc-Abc2K(Boc)-OH (1c) as ordinary amino acids in Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide synthesis. Building blocks 1a−c were used to synthesize macrocyclic “triangles” 9a−c, “parallelograms” 10a,b, and hexagonal “rings” 11a−d. The macrocycles range from a trimer to a dodecamer, with ring sizes from 24 to 114 atoms, and are 1−4 nm in size. Molecular modeling studies suggest that all the macrocycles except 10b should have well-defined triangle, parallelogram, and ring shapes if all of the amide linkages are trans and the o-alkoxy substituents are intramolecularly hydrogen bonded to the amide NH groups. The macrocycles have good water solubility and are readily characterized by standard analytical techniques, such as RP-HPLC, ESI-MS, and NMR spectroscopy. 1H and 13C NMR studies suggest that the macrocycles adopt conformations with all trans-amide linkages in CD3OD, that the “triangles” and “parallelograms” maintain these conformations in D2O, and that the “rings” collapse to form conformations with cis-amide linkages in D2O.
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Diao, J., Komura, R., Sano, T., Pantua, H., Storek, K.M., Inaba, H., Ogawa, H., Noland, C.L., Peng, Y., Gloor, S.L. and Yan, D. bioRxiv (2020): 2020-10.
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Structural Biology, Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Translational Immunology, Pathology, and Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
The standard assay consists of 6 μL reaction mixture with 3 nM Lgt-DDM, 50 μM phosphatidylglycerol (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1’-rac-glycerol), Avanti), 12.5 μM Pal-IAAC peptide substrate derived from the Pal lipoprotein (MQLNKVLKGLMIALPVMAIAACSSNKN, synthesized by CPC Scientific)
Pantua, H., Skippington, E., Braun, M.G., Noland, C.L., Diao, J., Peng, Y., Gloor, S.L., Yan, D., Kang, J., Katakam, A.K. and Reeder, J. MBio 11, no. 5 (2020): 10-1128.
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, OMNI Bioinformatics, Chemistry, Structural Biology, Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Translational Immunology, Pathology, Molecular Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
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Protein-protein and protein-peptide interactions play critical roles in all types of cellular processing. Peptides are natural partners to proteins and, as ligands, bind to proteins with high affinity due to their capacity to adapt to the often flexible protein surface. Despite this, peptides have drawbacks as drug candidates that include low plasma bioavailability, instability from proteolytic enzymes, and poor passive membrane permeability. Some success has been achieved with linear peptides, particularly peptides that maintain α-helical secondary structures. These motifs can be introduced to stabilized α-helical motifs by common “peptide-stapling” approaches, but stapled peptides can suffer from low bioactivity and poor solubility. Another strategy to maintain peptide secondary structure is modification by macrocyclization.
SAN JOSE, CA., Sept 3, 2020 /CPCNewswire/ — CPC Scientific Inc. is pleased to announce that the European Commission (EC) has granted the Conditional Marketing Authorization (CMA) for MYR Pharmaceuticals lead compound HEPCLUDEX®. CPC Scientific serves as a supplier and partner to MYR Pharmaceuticals for the development and manufacturing of bulevirtide (Hepcludex). This drug is […]
Curreli, Francesca, Sofia MB Victor, Shahad Ahmed, Aleksandra Drelich, Xiaohe Tong, Chien-Te K. Tseng, Christopher D. Hillyer, and Asim K. Debnath. Mbio 11, no. 6 (2020): e02451-20.
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Abdulganiyyu, I. A.; Kaczmarek, K.; Zabrocki, J.; Nachman, R. J.; Marchal, E.; Schellens, S.; Verlinden, H.; Broeck, J. V.; Marco, H.; Jackson, G. E. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2020, 103362.
A head-to-tail cyclic, octapeptide analog of Locmi-AKH-I, cycloAKH (cyclo[LNFTPNWG]) was synthesized to severely restrict the conformational freedom of the AKH structure.
Clairfeuille, T., Buchholz, K.R., Li, Q., Verschueren, E., Liu, P., Sangaraju, D., Park, S., Noland, C.L., Storek, K.M., Nickerson, N.N. and Martin, L. Nature 584, no. 7821 (2020): 479-483.
- Departments of Structural Biology, Infectious Diseases, Microchemistry, Proteomics & Lipidomics, Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Translational Immunology, BioMolecular Resources, Biochemical & Cellular Pharmacology, Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, Discovery Chemistry Departments, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Chan, Leslie W., Melodi N. Anahtar, Ta-Hsuan Ong, Kelsey E. Hern, Roderick R. Kunz, and Sangeeta N. Bhatia. Nature Nanotechnology (2020): 1-9.
HFA-modifed peptides were synthesized by CPC Scientifc (>95% purity). Briefy, the peptide substrate, Ac-CKKK(Cy5)-PEG4-Nle(O-Bzl)-Met(O)2-Oic-Abu-OH, was synthesized on Fmoc-Abu-CTC resin via standard Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis.